Authentic Intellectual Work. What is it and how does it differ from
traditional educational approaches to teaching and testing?
Authentic Intellectual Work is a
robust form of disciplined inquiry.
During this inquiry students are tasked with “real-world” behavior that
includes searching for answers and using evidence to substantiate their understanding
of the learning concept. This inquiry
also allows students to plumb the depths of educational concepts instead of
existing in a narrow, thin window of understanding. Authentic Intellectual Work also allows for
development of student voice and extensive communication that aids students in
synthesizing what they have learned. AIW leads to the real-world learning that
is crucial for human development and human flourishing which holds value
outside the four-walls of the school building. According to Newmann, King, and
Carmichael (2007), AIW also bridges racial, ethnic, sex, and socioeconomics to
reach every student with significant learning gains.
When classroom instruction demands disciplined inquiry, student
performance rises in class and on standardized testing. Reviewing a study entitled The Chicago
12-School Study, it is clearly seen that students with rigorous, real-world
AIW instruction and practice gained 20% more than the Chicago-wide average, and
40% more than students without rigorous, real-world AIW instruction and
practice (Newmann et al., 2007).
One example of Authentic Intellectual Work in the content area of
reading is to allow students to act as a selection committee for the school
library. This AIW would include students
engaged in reading authentic reviews, excerpts, studies, books, and more. Students would be tasked with creating
collaborative rubrics to lead the committee in thoughtfully choosing
appropriate texts for their school library.
It would satisfy disciplined inquiry by activating prior knowledge base
of the student in reference to genre and their own connections to texts. It would provide for students to engage in
deep understanding of what a text in the school library should encompass. Finally, it allows for elaborated
communication among peers by creating claims, evidence, and reasoning. It also adds real-world value by the actual
purchases that would be made for the school library.
In
terms of EdTech and in-class technology, the digital use divide can be seen as
a hinderance to AIW. According to U.S.
Department of Education, Office of Educational Technology (2024), learners that
come from systemically marginalized communities are often relegated to interacting
passively with technology. When students
passively engage with EdTech tools, there can be no Authentic Intellectual
Work. In order for educators to create
AIW within districts that experience a large digital use divide, they must be
given tools and support to bridge these gaps.
Pendergrast Elementary School in Glendale, Arizona began implementing
goals for a district-wide, learner-centered, project-based learning that bridged
the digital use divide, and the ramifications were far-reaching and significant. The following outcomes were observed in Pendergrast
Elementary’s developed FUSE program:
Now in its 12th
year, FUSE Studios has grown through word-of-mouth from a small demonstration
project to a program implemented in more than 250 schools in the United States
and abroad, and serving more than 50,000 young people during the 2022–23 school
year. The majority of students using FUSE are from historically marginalized
student populations. (U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational
Technology, 2024)
Not only did
Pendergrast Elementary’s vigorous attention to project-based learning affect
the AIW of students, it also supports engagement and enhancement as developed
in Kolb’s Triple E Framework. The FUSE
project used by Pendergrast Elementary engaged students by using leveled challenges
in thirty different modes which led to enhancement by including areas for student
learning in 3D design, digital animation, robotics, and other electronics
projects (U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Technology, 2024)
References
Newmann, F. M., King, M. B., &
Carmichael, D. L. (2007). Authentic instruction
and assessment: Common
standards for rigor and relevance in teaching
academic subjects. Iowa
Department of Education
U.S. Department of Education,
Office of Educational Technology. (2024).
National Educational
Technology Plan. https://tech.ed.gov